Ditsebo tse ding di itlela ho rona ka tlhaho jwalo kaha re tswetswe re le jwalo
Leha ho le jwalo, bokgoni ba ho bala bo hola ka tsela e fapaneng bokong ba rona mme bo hloka ho rutwa ka ho hlaka hore bo tsebe ho sebetsa hantle. Sena se bolela hore, hore bana ba tsebe ho bala hantle, ba lokela ho rutwa ho bala hantle.
Tsebo e nngwe e itlelang ka tlhaho ke puo e buuwang. Bopaki bo netefatsang taba ena ke hore dilemong tse qalang bana ba bangata ba kgona ho ba le kutlwisiso ya ho utlwa ho feta kutlwisiso ya ho bala. Ebile bokgoni ba ho pheta dipale bo matla dilemong tse hlano ho feta ba ho balla kutlwisiso ho dikereiti tse hodimo (Fisher & Frey, 2014; Spencer, 2023; Stewart, 2021).
Hobane puo e buuwang e itlela ka tlhaho ho bana, ha ho bolele hore ho tseba ho bala le ho mamela ho tla tlohelwa fela ho sa rutwe le ho kgothaletswa. Ho pheta dipale le ho bala le ho balla bana lapeng le sekolong ho na le melemo e tshehetsang bana ha ba bala.
Ntshetsopele ya ho hlokomediswa fonoloji
Ho hlokomediswa fonoloji ho hlahelletse e le ntlha e kgolo ho ruteng bana ho bala, mmoho le fonotiki, tsebo ya mantswe, bokgeleke le ho utlwisisa. Ho hlokomediswa fonoloji ke ho hlokomedisa ka medumo ya mantswe. Mehlala e meng ya ho tsebahatsa fonologi ke ho kenyeletsa dipapadi tse kang ho peleta mantswe, ho etsa medumo le ho qolla mantswe a ka hara medumo, ho tseba medumo e fapaneng ya mantswe (ho etsa mohlala, ho hlokomela mahlalosonngwe polelong), le ho feta moo (Learning Point Associates, 2004; Lefapha la Thuto le Tsebo, 2007; Pretorius & Murray, 2019).
Le hoja dipapadi tsa tlhokomediso ya fonologi di ka etswa ke motho ka mong, boholo ba tsona ke dintlha tse teng ha ho phetwa dipale le ha ho ballwa bana, di bile di thusa haholo ka ho hohela bana hore ba di mamele le hona ho matlafatsa moelelo wa dipale.
Ho tsebahatsa ho bala ho ngotsweng le ho phetwang ka molomo
Ho bala kapa ho qoqelana dipale ho bana ho matlafatsa ntshetsopelo ya tsebo ya mantswe le ho a rala, e leng ntho e ntshetsang pele tsebo ya bona ya ho bua le ho mamela – e leng ditsebo tse bohlokwa haholo ntshetsopeleng ya tsebo ya ho bala (Yazıcı & Bolay, 2017). Ho phetwa ha dipale le hona ho morearea ho feta ka moo motho a ka nahanang ka teng hobane ho hloka hore bana ba mamele ba be ba arabe ba sebedisa puo ya thuto. Hoo ho ba ruta ho utlwisisa mantswe a thata le kaho ya dipolelo ya ha ho phetwa dipale, mme ntho eo e ba thusa haholo kgolong ha ba tswela pele ka ho bala le ho ngola (Spencer, 2023).
Kgothaletso boikahamahanyo bo mafolofolo, ho fapana le ho kenyana mererong
Bo bong ba bothata bo boholo boo naha ya rona e shebaneng le bona ke taba ya hore bana ba bangata ha ba na dibuka tse ngotsweng ka puo ya habo bona kapa bahlokomedi ha ba tsebe puo eo bana ba bona ba e rutwang sekolong.
Dipale tse phetwang ke tsela e le nngwe e ka sebediswang ho hlola bothata boo hobane ha ho hlokehe dibuka ho tsona, ebile puo e hloka hore e buuwe feela, e seng e balwe. Ho phetwa ha dipale ho boela ho matlafatsa taba ya hore bana ba mamele dipale ho tswa malapeng a bona, le ho ba tsebisa meetlo eo ba sa e tsebeng (Spencer, 2023; White, 2022).
Ho pheta dipale le ho ba balla ho ba matlafatsa hore le bona e be ditsebi tsa ho pheta dipale. Bana ba kgona ho nka karolo dipaleng ka ho pabala karalo e itseng ya pale, ka ho qoqa se oba se nahanang ka pale, ho etsa medumo le ho bina jwalo kaha ba mamela ba bile ba bua, le ho feta. (White, 2022). Ba kgona le ho utlwa medumo hantle ha pale e balwa hantle, hoo ho ba thusa ho pheta le ho bala dipale ka pontshahatso ya maikutlo le ka boitshepo.
Tshehetso ya ntshetsopele ya maikutlo
Batho kaofela ba nahana ka tsela ya moralo wa dipale, hona ho bolela hore moralo o itseng o thusa bana ho utlwisisa lefatshe la bona le tse ba potapotileng (Spencer, 2023). Bana ba kgona ho utlwisisa diketsahalo tsa pale le hore dibapadi di hlotse mathata a itseng ao ba tobaneng le ona jwang, e leng se ba thusang ho utlwisisa dinnete tsa bona le ho itlhalosa ka mantswe, ka ho hlaka le ka boitshepo.
Ho eketsa melemo e boletsweng ka hodimo, ho bala le ho phetela bana dipale ho etsa hore ba rate dibuka, ba be le kgahleho ho tsona, ho bala le ho ithuta, e le boleng bo boholo boo ba bo fuparang kgolong ya bona ho fihlela e ba batho ba baholo.
Ho tlisa thabo e kgapatsehang ya ho bala ka phaposing ya borutelo, batlana le Awe! le Aitsa! Dibuka tse Kgolo – di loketse ho arolelwana ka phaposing efe kapa efe ya borutelo Foundation Phase.
References
Department for Education and Skills. 2007. Letters and Sounds: Principles and practice of high-quality phonics. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/190599/Letters_and_Sounds_-_DFES-00281-2007.pdf
Fisher, D & Frey, N. 2014. Speaking and listening in content area learning. The Reading Teacher, 68(1), 64-69 Available from: https://www.readingrockets.org/topics/comprehension/articles/speaking-and-listening-content-area-learning [Accessed: 19 February 2024].
Learning Point Associates. 2004. A closer look at the five essential components of effective reading instruction: A review of scientifically based reading research for teachers. Available from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED512569.pdf [Accessed: 19 February 2024].
Pretorius, E. & Murray, S. 2019. Teaching reading comprehension. Cape Town: Oxford University Press Southern Africa.
Spencer, T.D. 2023. Oral storytelling is important for reading, writing and social wellbeing. Open Access Government, January 2023. Available from: https://openaccessgovernment.org/article/oral-storytelling-is-important-for-reading-writing-and-social-wellbeing-academic-language/148950/ [Accessed: 19 February 2024].
Stewart, L. 2021. The science of reading: Evidence for a new era of reading instruction. Available from: https://www.zaner-bloser.com/research/the-science-of-reading-evidence-for-a-new-era-of-reading-instruction.php [Accessed: 19 February 2024].
White, A. 2022. The role of stories in literacy development. The Education Hub. Available from: https://theeducationhub.org.nz/the-role-of-stories-in-literacy-development/#_edn1 [Accessed: 19 February 2024].
Yazıcı, E. & Bolay, H. 2017. Story based activities enhance literacy skills in preschool children. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(5): 815-823.Available from: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1143956 [Accessed: 19 February 2024].
